Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
The greenhouse effect is not a new phenomenon. Scientists have known for centuries that a layer of gas naturally surrounds the earth like an insulating blanket, trapping the reflected energy of the sun and preventing it from escaping into space. This is what makes the earth warm enough for people, plants and animals. However, recent human activity has boosted concentration of greenhouse gases and enhanced their heat trapping ability. The main culprit is Carbondioxide which scientists accounts for nearly half of global warming CO₂ is released from burning fossil fuels and from clearing and burning forests. CFCs may be accountable for 25% of global warming, but CO₂ is the pivotal one. The most sophisticated computerized models of the USA and Britain agree that weather around the world will become more erratic and more extreme. In general, the temperature will rise more towards the pole that at the equator. Overall rainfall will also increase as higher temperatures boost evaporation from the seas. But the distribution of rain will shift. Some areas will become wetter, other will be drier. Global warming will also cause ocean levels to rise though not, as popular wisdom has it, due to the Antarctic ice cap melting. People living in low lying coastal regions from New York and London to Jakarta and Dhaka will be in danger.
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